Classification of RFID Tags

According to different ways, RFID tag radio frequency cards are classified as follows.

RFID tag's classification by power supply mode

According to the power supply mode, it is divided into active cards and passive cards. Active means that there is a battery in the card to provide power, which has a long working distance, but has a limited life, a large volume, a high cost, and is not suitable for working in a harsh environment; There is no battery in the passive card, which uses the beam power supply technology to convert the received RF energy into DC power to supply the circuit in the card. Its operating distance is shorter than that of the active card, but it has a long service life and does not require a high working environment.

RFID tag's classification by carrier frequency

The carrier frequency is divided into low-frequency radio frequency card, intermediate frequency radio frequency card and high-frequency radio frequency card. There are two kinds of low-frequency RF cards: 125kHz and 134.2kHz The frequency of intermediate-frequency RF cards is 13.56MHz, and that of high-frequency RF cards is 433MHz, 915MHz, 2.45GHz, 5.8GHz, etc. The low-frequency system is mainly used in short-distance and low-cost applications, such as most access control, campus card, animal supervision, cargo tracking, etc. An intermediate frequency system is used for access control and application systems that need to transmit a large amount of data: High-frequency system is used in situations that need long read-write distance and high read-write speed. Its antenna beam direction is narrow and its price is high, so it is used in train monitoring, highway toll collection and other systems.

RFID tag's classification according to different types of modulation methods

Different modulation modes can be divided into active mode and passive mode. An active RF card actively sends data to the reader-writer with its own RF energy; a Passive radio frequency card transmits data by modulation scattering, and it must use the carrier wave of the reader to modulate its own signal. This kind of technology is suitable for access control or traffic applications because the reader can ensure that only a certain range of radio frequency cards can be activated. When there is an obstacle, the energy of the reader must pass through the obstacle twice by modulation scattering. However, the signal emitted by the active RF card only passes through the obstacle once, so the active RF card is mainly used in applications with obstacles, and the distance is longer (up to 100m).

RFID tag's classification by operating distance

The operating distance can be divided into dense coupling card (operating distance is less than 1cm), near coupling card (operating distance is less than 15cm), sparse coupling card (operating distance is about 1m) and long-distance card (operating distance is from 1 to 1～10m or even more).

RFID tag's classification by chip

In an RFID system, the signal receiving device is generally called an RFID reader (or card reader). The basic function of an RFID reader is to provide an interface for data transmission with RFID tags.